Friday, December 2, 2022

CGC 12/01/202

 

Deacon – Foucault on Education

Questions

1.       Three themes – how do we generalize these as ways of reading Foucault (interpretation strategies) or how do we do philosophy through Foucault with these strategies?  (177)

2.       What is the relation of power and liberty (practices of)? (184)

3.       How should we understand the transformation of teacher-centered to student=centered approaches which has merely reformulated the relations of power? (185)

4.       How can this help us understand schooling/education in other types of disciplinary institutions (e.g. prison)?

5.       What would it mean to think of these strategies in, or as, colonization (context of the colonies)? (182)

6.       What does he have in mind when he refers to the concrete empirical investigation (184)?

7.       How does the changing role of the family relate to or modify the three themes identified by Deacon? (!78)

Discussion

Gore – School settings. What can we make of this method? How can we evaluate what Foucault is saying?

Issue with the lecture-setting (in contrast to the seminar setting) and Foucault’s naiveté about him not exercising power.

What does he mean by domination? What would it mean to call the classroom a space of domination if the power relations within the classroom are reciprocal?

Foucault’s statement about lecture-setting is a hypothesis (is Foucault right?) and that would require an empirical investigation. That prompts the further question: what kinds of investigations can we do? That could help us see how surveillance changes in different context.

Problem with Deacon: unclear with certain terms such as domination and relation to the ways in which Foucault uses them. Could we think of positive/productive understanding of domination (e.g. a “school of subjection”)?

Archive of education is interesting because theories (e.g. Montessori) and discourses are always developed with explicit references to techniques, spaces, etc.?

How could we test Foucault’s (according to Deacon) that schooling is actually not freedom? How could we evaluate this? Is it possible?

Three themes – what are the different ways we might use Foucault to answer some question we have about educational practices?

METHODS

CATEGORIES

Genealogy (of the school)

Disciplinary power

Microphysics of power (e.g. sociological) but not necessarily genealogical or historical

Disciplinary power

Political implications (e.g. normative political critique, predictive study, data analytics, counter-counduct)

Block of capacity­­‑communication-power

 

Thursday, November 17, 2022

Foucault on the Examination - Tracking an Idea

The table below is a preliminary attempt to track Foucault's discussions of technologies of examination across some of his writings from the 1970s.

 

Form Under Analysis 

Period

Associated Mode of Power (Pouvoir)

Associated Mode of Knowldg (Savoir)

Subject

(Target/Product)

Problem (to which form is a response)

Operation (what a mode of power does)

Techniques & Technologies 

MF: Test

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Test  

(TPS, Ch. 11) 

Antiquity (Greek Antiquity) 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MF: Inquiry

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Inquiry 

(TPS, Ch. 11) 

Late M.A. & Early Mod 

Juridico-Sovereign 

Inquisitorial (determines who, what, where) 

?Soul? 

Locating Guilt 

?

 

Inquiry
(T&JF, xxx) 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MF: Examination

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Examination 

(TPS, Ch. 11) 

Nineteenth Century 

Disciplinary [Power] 

(? revisit)

Individual 

Mgmt. + control of illegalism (196)

?

“Uninterrupted, graduated, and accumulated test” – “recording” 

Examination (T&JF, IV)

Nineteenth Century

Disciplinary [Power] (52)

 

Panopticism (58)

Human Sciences

Individual

(as Nrml or AbNml)

-Behavior

-Potential

Dangerousness (57)

 

·        Panopticon

·        Records

 

·        Attachment (78)

·        Correction (67)

·        Recording (84)

·        Observation

·        Classification

·        Supervision (Surveillance)

Examination (DP, III.2, 184ff.) 

Nineteenth century

Disciplinary Power (187)

Human Sciences (190) & Disciplinary Knowledge

Individual (170)

 - as Body

 - as Ab/normal

 - as Case

 

Illegalities and Delinquency (257ff.) & ‘infra-penality (178)

 

Bringing practices and institutions (as well as creating them) into a disciplinary fold that does not require the expense and excess of sovereign power (cf. 126-131)

Normalization (177)

 

Objectification (187)

 

Training (“means of correct training”) … “the chief function of the disciplinary is to ‘train’” (170).

 

… explicitated as a “productive” mode of power/knowledge (194).

·        Documentation (189), inclusive of disciplinary writing, measure, notation, registration, files, accumulation of data, categorization, calculation

·        Accountancy (180)

·        Exercise/Corrective/Repetition (179)

Beyond (tbd)