Wtr 2016: Foucault's Transforming Analytics of Power

CGC this term collaborated on table that schematically tracks Foucault's transforming analytics of power from approx. 1973 (in the CdF lectures that year) to 1976 (as culminating in HSv1).

Tracking Foucault's Transforming Analytics of Power, 1973-76

[CK’s version per the work of the CGC in PHIL 607, Wtr 2016, ‘Genealogy Workshop’]

[The table below tracks changing configurations of Foucault's discussions of how to study power from approx. Mar '73 to Aug '76.  An attempt has been made to line up the various different statements with one another in rows that show approximations, but also alterations, in vocabulary.  Each column focuses on Foucault's explicit discussions of methodological points in the texts referenced; these are represented as the enumerated items in each column whilst additional items culled from other moments of the text are listed in italics and without enumeration.  Note finally that the terminology used in each cell contains no quotation marks b/c an attempt has been made to draw all technical terms used in each cell directly from the texts cited.]

Mar ‘73 (Pun. Soc.) [4 ‘theoretical schemas’, 227-247)]	Dec '73 (Psych. Pwr.) [3 analytic shifts from Hist.Mad. (12-16)]	Aug ‘74 (D&P, pub'd Feb '75) [4 'rules' (23ff)]	Jan '75 (Abn.) ['a few [3] methodological reflections, 42-52]	Jan '76 (SMBD) [5 ‘methodological precautions’ or ‘imperative commands’, 27-34]	Aug '76 (HSv1, pub'd Dec '76) [ch. on 'Method': ‘a certain number [5] of propositions' (94-96)]
1) Exercised and not possessed or appropriated (228)	In dispersion relays, networks, reciprocal supports, differences of potential, discrepancies (rather than possessed) (4)	Exercised as strategy not possessed as property (26)	Power is exercised through the disqualification of the expert (35-36). Exercised over criminals, as mechanism (44).	3) Exercised through networks, never appropriated or a divided possession; circulatory, not applied (29) Exercised and exists only in action (14), not possessed, transferred, or alienated (13)	1) Exercised from innumerable points in mobile relations, not acquired, seized, or shared (94)
2) Extensive, running through whole of social, absorptive; not localized, not concentrated (229) [cf. 2 below]	Focus on strategy rather than the family (15) or state (16) [not sure if this one lines up in this row?]	Techniques covering entire social body (138)	Penetrating whole social body (87)	4) Ascending analysis of techniques and tactics; not deducing power from the center (30) 1) Capillary, at the extremeties, embodied in techniques, not at a single center (27)	3) Comes from below, not from the top down (94)
3) Constitutive of production, at the heart of production and labor, not merely reproducing production (231)	Disciplinary apparatuses are productive of the accumulation of men and distribution of labor forces (71-72)	Composition of forces (162-9)	2) Integrated w/ force (52), not superstructural to basal force (50)	Primarily a relationship of force, not the perpetuation and renewal of economic relations (15)	[As a more general form of preceding statements concerning force:] 2) Immanent in other types of relationships (incl. economic), not superstructural (94; cf. 98)
4) bound up with knowledge, not violence or ideology (234)	2a) power a game, not violence (14); in need of microphysics (16) 1) shift from analytics of representation to one of formation of discursive practices through apparatuses of power	3) Epistemological- juridical (23) power produces knowledge (27) abandon the violence-ideology opposition (28)	3) Functions with formation of a knowledge that is both its effect and condition (52), not linked to effects of ignorance (50)	5) "The delicate mechanisms of power cannot function unless knowledge, or rather knowledge apparatuses, are formed, organized, and put into circulation, and those apparatuses are not ideological trimmings or edifices" (34)	It is in discourse that power and knowledge are joined together (100)
Exclusion is not sufficient; exclusion happens on the basis of representations that are tactics of power; speaking just of exclusion obscures the tactics of power which generated representations (3)	Power is a productive instance of discursive practice; power produces discursive practices (13)	1) possible positive effects, not repressive effects alone (23)	1) A fundamentally positive power (48; cf. plague, 47ff.), not the notion of repression (43; cf. leprosy, 44ff.)	A struggle and continuation of war (Nietzsche), not essentially repressive (Hegel, Freud, Reich) (15ff.); critical use of ‘repression’ is spoiled (40)	Against the repressive hypothesis (throughout) and power as negative (83ff.); power as self-affirmation not enslavement (122ff.); Reich as central target of MF’s critique (131)
2) Distinguish power from political structures; focus on micro-instances of power (230) [cf. 2 above]	2b) Focus on the practical dispositions of power, before tackling institutions (15); see tactics (summary on 16)	2) Techniques and tactics, not necessarily from legislation or indicative of social structure (23)	The invention of general techniques (government, sexuality, &c.) that comprise a typical apparatus (48-49), invention of positive technologies of power.	5) Actual instruments, observational methods, recording techniques, &c. (33) Techniques & tactics (34)	Not focused on, or developed through, institutions, but rather crated by techniques of power present at every level of the social body (141)
Evolution of morality is a history of bodies; penality in terms of the history of relations between political power and bodies (261; course summary)	Power's point of application is always the body; all power is physical (14)	4) Soul is effect of transformation of body (24) The soul is the prison of the body (30)	Power invested in body (193)	In the 17th and 18th c. the emergence of techniques of disciplinary power centered on the body; contrast to biopower of man-as-species (242)	A type of power brought to bear on the body and on sex (47); and also, resistance through bodies and pleasures (157)
?	?	?	?	2) Where power relates directly and is invested in real and effective practices, not where power is intentional; grasp the material agency of subjugation (28)	4) Intentional and nonsubjective because tactical rather than result of choice or decision (94-5)
“Civil war is the permanent state on the basis of which a number of these tactics of struggle… should be understood” (13); cf. also 70-71 CdF ‘LWTK’	?	?	?	"Binary schema of war and struggle" as basis for civil society, esp. "race struggle" and "class struggle" as "the two great schemata used to identify the phenomenon of war” (18-19)	5) Always paired with resistance, a mobile and plural and transitory resistance; and no single locus of great refusal (95-6)
END (for now)